PROC IMPORT的語法結構
PROC IMPORT
DATAFILE="filename"
OUT=<libref .="">SAS data set
DBMS=identifier
REPLACE;
GETNAMES=YES|NO;
GUESSINGROWS=n; DELIMITER=char|'nn'x;
選項說明
- DATAFILE="filename"
宣告待匯入的檔案位置 - OUT=<libref .="">SAS data set
宣告匯出的目標資料集 - DBMS=identifier
宣告匯入的檔案類型，選項有CSV(以逗點區隔),DLM(以空白或符號區隔),TAB(以TAB區隔),JMP - Replace
宣告匯入的資料覆寫現有的資料集，系統預設是不覆寫，如不宣告則可能導致匯入資料重複，務必注意。 - GETNAMES=YES|NO
宣告是否將資料的第一行當作變項名稱 - GUESSINGROWS=n
PROC IMPORT會自動掃描匯入資料來判斷該變項的類型(數字or文字or日期)與變項的長度，如果資料內的變項長度屬固定值，ISBN、身分證字號，則不需考慮此項目，但如果資料長度是變動的，通常是文字變項，如地址、email等，則此變項需要考慮。預設值是20，固定變項者可以減少該數值以加快匯入速度。 - DELIMITER=char|'nn'x
宣告資料分隔符號，預設值是空白，如設&為區隔符號則DELIMITER="&"。只有當DBMS=DLM時才宣告DELIMITER，DBMS=TAB與DBMS=CVS時皆可省略。
範例
範例一：以TAB區隔的資料
下列資料位置在D:\Data之下，檔名為tab.txt，欲建立在名為mydata的Libary之下，匯入的資料集為tab
Name Gender Age
Joyce F 11
Thomas M 11
Jane F 12
Louise F 12
James M 12
John M 12
Robert M 12
Alice F 13
Barbara F 13
Jeffery M 13
Carol F 14
Judy F 14
Alfred M 14
Henry M 14
Jenet F 15
Mary F 15
Ronald M 15
William M 15
Philip M 16
範例程式1：PROC IMPORT DATAFILE="D:\DATA\TAB.TXT"
OUT=MYDATA.TAB
DBMS=TAB
REPLACE;
GETNAMES=YES;
DATAROW=5;
RUN;
※上述資料如果直接複製到記事本會變成以空白做間隔的檔案，因此重新調整為以Tab做間隔之後程式就能順利運作。範例二：以&為區隔符號的資料
下列資料位置在D:\DATA之下，檔名為DelSpec.txt，同樣欲建立在名為Mydata的Libary之下，匯入的資料集名稱為data01
Region&State&Month&Expenses&Revenue
Southern&GA&JAN2001&2000&8000
Southern&GA&FEB2001&1200&6000
Southern&FL&FEB2001&8500&11000
Northern&NY&FEB2001&3000&4000
Northern&NY&MAR2001&6000&5000
Southern&FL&MAR2001&9800&13500
Northern&MA&MAR2001&1500&1000
範例程式2：PROC IMPORT
DATAFILE="D:\DATA\DELSPEC.TXT"
OUT=MYDATA
DBMS=DLM
REPLACE;
DELIMITER="&";
GETNAMES=YES;
RUN;
範例三：CSV格式檔(資料以逗號做區隔)
下列資料位置在D:\DATA之下，檔名為Newdata.csv，同樣欲建立在名為Mydata的Libary之下，匯入的資料集名稱為data02
"Africa","Boot","Addis Ababa","12","$29,761","$191,821","$769"
"Asia","Boot","Bangkok","1","$1,996","$9,576","$80"
"Canada","Boot","Calgary","8","$17,720","$63,280","$472"
"Central America/Caribbean","Boot","Kingston","33","$102,372","$393,376","$4,454"
"Eastern Europe","Boot","Budapest","22","$74,102","$317,515","$3,341"
"Middle East","Boot","Al-Khobar","10","$15,062","$44,658","$765"
"Pacific","Boot","Auckland","12","$20,141","$97,919","$962"
"South America","Boot","Bogota","19","$15,312","$35,805","$1,229
"
"United States","Boot","Chicago","16","$82,483","$305,061","$3,735"
"Western Europe","Boot","Copenhagen","2","$1,663","$4,657","$129"
範例程式3：PROC IMPORT
DATAFILE="D:\DATA\NEWDATA.CSV"
OUT=MYDATA.DATA02
DBMS=CSV
REPLACE;
GETNAMES=NO;
RUN;
附註：
有些時候會因為情況特殊需要特別處理，譬如大多數樣本的A變項是數值，但某些比較特別的個案在A變項卻是文字，這時候如果沒有處理，IMPORT敘述句就會以數字匯入，並且將A變項是文字的個案變成遺漏值，如果這樣的狀況會影響到後續的資料分析，可以參考這篇文章的做法：以文字格式讀取CSV資料檔中的欄位(變項)參考資料：
IMPORT ProcedureAvoid truncating characters in PROC IMPORT csv
留言